Victimology and Policing in Criminal Justice Administration Free Essay Example, 2000 words

While the role of the police involves law enforcement and crime prevention, there is a broad range of other administration and service duties including traffic and environmental tasks, conflict resolution, crime prevention and resolution, and aid in times of crisis. Certainly, law enforces a deal with every abnormal occurrence in the community. Since Banton (1964) and Bittner s (1967) observations, a variety of North American and British empirical investigations have demonstrated that somewhat modest police time is used upon real criminal cases (Hoyle, 1998). Most empirical studies have been encouraged by the idea that police practice commonly moves away from legal norms and from an aspiration to remove the discrepancy between theoretical law and actual law (Gaines, 2007). The literature has demonstrated that the police usually under-implement the law by using their judgment not to arrest. This use of discretion has mainly been elaborated in relation to police working character and informal police practice (Buzawa Buzawa, 2002). Feminist scholars took hold of the findings of general research on policing concerning the discretion used by rank and file law enforcers to clarify the small number of arrests in cases of domestic violence (Buzawa Buzawa, 2002). We will write a custom essay sample on Victimology and Policing in Criminal Justice Administration or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page As argued by Hawkins (1992), discretion is unavoidable due to the fact that the realization of policy into action entails the involvement and decisions of individuals.

The Constitution Of The United States - 1552 Words

The Constitution of the United States has governed this country for over 200 years. The Bill of Rights, also known has the first Ten Amendments of the Constitution, has protected the unalienable rights of citizens in the United State. Selective incorporation was used in order to nationalize the Bill of Rights and protect the immunities, rights, and privileges of all United States citizens within the states. The success of Selective Incorporation, along with the 14th Amendment, ensured that states could not put in place any laws that took away the constitutional rights of American citizens that are preserved in the Bill of Rights. Although the 14th Amendment was not taken seriously for almost a century, the Selective Incorporation process†¦show more content†¦The Fourteenth Amendment prevented the states from limiting the rights granted to citizens in the Constitution and did not allow the states to enforce their own law. This amendment was nationalized through a process of S elective Incorporation. The purpose of Selective Incorporation was to, not only nationalize the Bill of Rights, but to also protect the immunities, rights, and privileges of all United States citizens. The first eight amendments were ‘selected’ and ‘incorporated’ into the Fourteenth Amendment, and through the Fourteenth Amendment, these amendments were nationalized. Through several court cases and rulings, the Bill of Rights were brought into the national spotlight and became protected by the Fourteenth Amendment, which was ratified into the Constitution in 1868. The confusion of whether or not the Bill of Rights applied to solely the National Government began with the Supreme Court ruling in 1833, Barron v. Baltimore, saying that the Bill of Rights only applied on a national level when dealing with governments and did not apply to the states. The ruling of this Supreme Court case was used in order to urge the adoption of the Fourteenth Amendment. In the concluding ruling, it was â€Å"declared that its ‘privileges and immunities’ clause included ‘the personal rights guaranteed and secured by the first eight amendments to

An Analysis of Jacques Louis The Death of Socrates

The Death of Socrates by Jacques Louis David *summary/description: The Death of Socrates by Jacques Louis David is a striking picture of the aged philosopher sitting upright in his bed moments before the poison is taking its effect with one finger raised to heaven. He is expostulating to his students but the majority of his students turn away unwilling to see the ravishing effects of the drug on their beloved master. One student looks at the ground covering his eyes. Another sits, head lowered. The one preferring the hemlock looks away pinching his eyes. Still another clutches the wall, whilst one places his hand on Socrates thigh seemingly beseeching him to resist and refrain from imbibing the poison. Socrates seated on bed, one hand poised over bowl the other raised heavenward, foot sprawled over bed, beard and hair like a tigers mane cloth dangling loosely over body appears radiant and ferocious. Death is not the end to all; he appears to be telling his students. Resistance can be done in ways other than rebellion or attempt to escape. Socrates knows that he is approaching a true end where tortured life on this world will meet Beauty in the next. He is looking forward to meeting the ideal up in heaven hence finger pointing upwards. There is no need to resist. The hemlock offers respite and promise. In the background, the philosophers wife unable to see his torment leaves the scene. Only, Socrates closest students remain: Plato at the foot of the bed, and CritoShow MoreRelated Eric Saties Socrate Essay3388 Words   |  14 PagesIntroduction Erik Satie began work on Socrate in 1918. Having been absorbing the scandal of Parade and becoming quite popular in the Salons of the high-society of Paris, he started planning new works. Perhaps Debussy’s death in the spring of that year was the final liberation he needed in order to be able to express himself seriously, for sarcasm is frequently a mask for over-sensitiveness and insecurity. But that spring finally brought Satie great joy. He was invited everywhere, and was well respectedRead MoreEssay on Jaques Louis David1898 Words   |  8 Pages1. Introduction Set on a stage of revolution and Enlightenment, the Neo-Classical period presents a broad and interesting topic. Jacques Louis David was the first political painter, and a true revolutionary, but one cannot disengage his art work from the social and political systems of the period. Therefore, this essay will present an overview of the social context and systems of Pre Revolution France, Neoclassicism and how David’s work was influenced by it and how his work influenced it. Also

Let me in Essay Example For Students

Let me in Essay High school is a strange time. After three years of trying to develop identity and friends in middle school, students are expected to mature immediately on the first day of ninth grade, but I never did this. I never fully realized in the earlier grades how important high school success, as measured by GPA, would be to my future life, and as a result I am applying to college with seemingly contradictory measures of my ability to perform college-level work. If I had worked and studied hard rather than hanging out with friends and viewing high school as an opportunity to socialize, I would not have to apply to school with a 1300 SAT and a 2.7 GPA. Had I taken my grades in my earlier years seriously, I could have been a colleges dream candidate. This year I have made an earnest effort to improve my work ethic. My grade point average is rising and my study habits are improving. However, after performing poorly for three years, my GPA cannot reflect the transformation I underwent at the st art of this year. Dedicated to making something of myself, I finally matured and am now trying to lessen the consequences of my past actions. Armed with my new attitude and my understanding of the extreme importance of earning good grades to signal my capacity to work responsibly, I assure you that I will never revert to the student I once was. In retrospect, I believe that it was my inability to choose my classes that resulted in my lack of enthusiasm on the ride to school each morning. I enjoy the freedom to pursue my own interests and anxiously anticipate the ability to choose my own class schedule in college. While I understand that college will be significantly more challenging than high school, I have always found it easier to study for a class that interests me. I am also willing to accept the fact that as long as I am in school, I will be forced to take required courses that I might be less than enthusiastic about. However, with my new goal-oriented nature, I will realize th at I am working towards my college degree and my future success, and I will regain the drive to excel. Moreover, I now realize the emptiness in the lives of people who can only do one thing well. There is tremendous benefit in being well-rounded, and I now understand that even my least favorite subject will contribute to my ultimate goal of living a rewarding life while working at a fulfilling career. I will definitely enjoy the independence of campus life. The camaraderie should only add to the college experience. The courses will be challenging, but I am willing to do what it takes to achieve my ultimate goal. I assure you that I have the potential. I am changed man, hoping that my youthful immaturity will not have a lasting effect on my future successBibliography: